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32.0 GENERAL STANDARDS* FOR DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTANTS
Part
- A : Effluents
| S. No. |
Parameter |
Inland surface water |
Public sewers |
Land for irrigation |
Marine/coastalareas | | . |
2 |
|
3 |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
(a) |
(b) |
(c) |
(d) |
| 1 | Colour
and odour | See
6 of Annexure-1I | | See
6 of Annexure-1I | See
6 of Annexure-1I | | 2 | Suspended
solids mg/l, max. | 100
| 600
| 200
| (a)
For process waste water
(b) For cooling water effluent 10 per cent above total
suspended matter of influent. | |
3 | Particle
size of suspended solids | shall
pass 850 micron IS Sieve |
- |
- | (a)
Floatable solids, solidsmax. 3 mm
(b) Settleable solids, max 856 microns |
| 4 | pH
value | 5.5
to 9.0 | 5.5
to 9.0 | 5.5
to 9.0 | 5.5
to 9.0 | | 5 | Temperature | shall
not exceed 5oC above the receiving water temperature |
|
| shall
not exceed 5oCabove the receiving water temperature | |
6 | Oil
and grease, mg/l max, | 10
| 20 |
10 |
20 |
| 7 | Total
residual chlorine, mg/l max |
1.0 |
- |
- |
1.0 |
| 8 | Ammonical
nitrogen (as N),mg/l, max. |
50 |
50 | - |
50 |
| 9 |
Total kjeldahl nitrogen (as N);mg/l, max. mg/l, max. |
100 |
- |
- |
100 |
| 10 | Free
ammonia (as NH3), mg/l,max. |
5.0 |
- |
- |
5.0 |
| 11 | Biochemical
oxygen demand (3 days at 27oC), mg/l, max. |
30 |
350 |
100 |
100 |
| 12 | Chemical
oxygen demand, mg/l, max. |
250 |
- |
- |
250 |
| 13 | Arsenic(as
As). | 0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
| 14 | Mercury
(As Hg), mg/l, max. | 0.01
| 0.01
| -
| 0.01
| | 15 | Lead
(as Pb) mg/l, max | 0.1
| 1.0
| -
| 2.0 |
| 16 | Cadmium
(as Cd) mg/l, max | 2.0
| 1.0
| - |
2.0 |
| 17 | Hexavalent
chro-mium (as Cr + 6),mg/l, max. |
0.1 |
2.0 |
- |
1.0 |
| 18 |
Total chromium (as Cr) mg/l, max. |
2.0 |
2.0 |
- |
2.0 |
| 19 | Copper
(as Cu)mg/l, max. | 3.0 |
3.0 |
- |
3.0 |
| 20 | Zinc
(as Zn) mg/l, max. | 5.0 |
15 |
- |
15 |
| 21 | Selenium
(as Se) | 0.05 |
0.05 |
- |
0.05 |
| 22 | Nickel
(as Ni) mg/l, max. | 3.0 |
3.0 |
- |
5.0 |
| 23 | Cyanide
(as CN) mg/l, max. | 0.2 |
2.0 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
| 24 | Fluoride
(as F) mg/l, max. | 2.0 |
15 |
- |
15 |
| 25 | Dissolved
phos- phates (as P),mg/l, max. |
5.0 |
- |
- |
- |
| 26 | Sulphide
(as S) mg/l, max. | 2.0 |
- |
- |
5.0 |
| 27 |
Phenolic compounds (as C6H50H)mg/l, max. |
1.0 |
5.0 |
- |
5.0 |
| 28 | Radioactive
materials:
(a) Alpha emitters micro curie mg/l, max.
(b)Beta emittersmicro
curie mg/l | 10-7
10-6 |
10-7
10-6 |
10-8
10-7 |
10-7
10-6 |
| 29 | Bio-assay
test | 90%
suivival of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent |
90% suivival
of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluen |
90% suivival
of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluen |
90% suivival
of
fish after 96 hours
in 100% effluen | |
30 | Manganese
| 2
mg/l | 2
mg/l | - |
2 mg/l
| | 31 | Iron
(as Fe) | 3mg/l
| 3mg/l
| - |
3mg/l |
| 32 | Vanadium
(as V) | 0.2mg/l
| 0.2mg/l
| - |
0.2mg/l
| | 33 | Nitrate
Nitrogen |
10 mg/l | - |
- |
20 mg/l
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* These standards shall be applicable for industries,
operations or processes other than those industries, operations or process for
which standards have been specified in Schedule of the Environment Protection
Rules, 1989.
Part
- B: Wastewater Generation Standards
| S. No. |
Industry |
Quantum | |
1 | Integrated
Iron & Steel | 16
m3/tonne of finished steel | |
2 | Sugar
| 0.4m3/tonne
of cane crushed | | 3 | Pulp
& Paper Industries
(a) Large pulp & paper
(i) Pulp & paper
(ii) Rayon grade pulp
(b) Small pulp & paper
(i)
Agro-residue based
(ii) Waste paper
based |
175 m3/tonne of paper produced
150 m3/tonne of paper
150
m3/tonne of paper produced
50 m3/tonne of paper produced |
| 4 | Fermentation
Industries
(a) Maltry
(b) Brewer
(c) Distillery
|
3.5 m3/tonne of grain processed
0.25 m3/KL of beer produced
12 M3/KL of alcohol produced |
| 5 | Caustic
Soda
(a) Membrane cell process
(b) Mercury cell process
|
1m3/tonne of caustic soda produced excluding cooling tower blowdown
4 m3/tonne of caustic soad produced (mercury bearing). 10% below down permitted
for cooling tower. | | 6 | Textile
Industries: Man-made fibre
(i) Nylon & Polyster
(ii) Voscose Staple Fibre
(iii) Viscose Filament Yarn |
120 m3/tonne of fibre
produced
150 m3/tonne of product
500 m3/tonne of product |
| 7 | Tanneries
| 28
m3/tonne of raw hide | | 8 | Starch
Glucose and related products |
8 m3/tonne of maize crushed
| | 9 |
Dairy | 3
m3/kl of Milk | | 10 | Natural
rubber processing industry Fertiliser
(a) Straight nitrogenous fertiliser
(b) Straight phosphatic fertiliser (SSP & TSP) excluding manufacture of any
acid
(c) Complex fertiliser |
4 m3/tonne of rubber |
| 11 | Biochemical
oxygen demand (3 days at 27oC), mg/l, max.
(a) Straight nitrogenous fertiliser
(b)Straight phosphatic fertiliser (SSP & TSP) excluding
manufacture of any acid
(c)Complex fertiliser |
5 m3/tonne of urea orequivalent produced
0.5
m3/tonne of SSP/TSP
Standards of nitrogenous and phospathic fertilisers
are applicable depending on the primary product |
Part-C
Load based standards
1. Oil Refinery Industry
| Parameter | Quantum in Kg/1000
tonnes of crude processed | | Oil
& grease | 10.00 |
| Phenol
| 0.70 |
| BOD | 10.50 |
| Suspended
solids | 14.00 |
| Sulphide
| 0.35 |
2. Large Pulp & Paper, News Print/Rayon grade plants of capacity
above 24,000 tonne/annum
| Parameter
| Quantum | | Total
Organic Chloride (TOCI) | 2
kg/tonne of product |
Part-D
Concentration Based Standards
1. General Emission Stanadards
| S.No. | Parameter
| Concentration not to exced (in mg/Nm3) |
| 1. | Particulate
matter (PM) | 150 |
| 2. | Total
fluoride | 25 |
| 3 | Asbestos
| 4
Fibres/cc and dust should not be more than 2 mg/Nm3 |
| 4 | Mercury
| 0.2 |
| 5. | Chlorine |
15 |
| 6 | Hydrochloric
acid vapour and mist | 35 |
| 7 | Sulphuric
acid mist | 50 |
| 8 | Carbon
monoxide | 1% |
| 9 |
Lead | 10 |
II. Equipment based standards
For dispersion of sulphur
dioxide; a minimum stack height limit is accordingly prescribed as below :
| S.No. | Power
generation capacity/ Steam generation capacity |
Stack height (metre) | |
1. | Power
generation capacity:
-500 MW and more
-200/210 MW and
above to less
than 500 MW
-Less than 200/210 MW |
275
220
H=(Q)0.3
| |
2. | Steam
generation capacity
-Less than 2 tonne/hr
-2 to 5 tonne/hr
-5 to
10 tonne /hr
-10 to 15 tonne/hr
-15 to 20 tonne/hr
-20 to 25 tonne/hr
-25 to 30 tonne/hr
-More than 30 tonne/hr |
09
12
15
18
21
24
27
30 or as per formula
H=14(Q)0.3
whichever
is more
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Note:
H=Physical height of the stack in metre
Q=Emission rate of SO2 in kg/hr.
III. Load/Mass?Based Standards
|
S.No. | Industry
| Parameter |
Standard |
| 1 | Fertilizer
(urea)
-commissioned prior to 1.1.82
-commissioned after 1.1.82 | Particulate
Matter
Particulate Matter | 2kg/tonne
of product
0.5 kg/tonne of product |
| 2 | Copper,
lead and zinc semltor | Sulphur
dioxide | 4
kg/tonne of concentrated
(100%) acid produced |
| 3 | Nitric
acid | Oxides
of nitrogen |
3 kg/tonne of weak acid
(before concentration) produced |
| 4 |
Sulphuric acid | Sulphur
dioxide | 4
kg/tonne of concentrated
(100%) acid produced |
| 5 | Coke
oven | Carbon
monoxide | 3
kg/tonne of coke produced | |
6 | Oil
Refineries
-Distillation (atmospheric+vacuum)
-Catalytic cracker
-Sulphur
recovery unit |
Sulphur dioxide
-do
-do- |
0.25kg/tonne of feed in this process
0.25kg/tonne of feed in this process
120 kg/tonne of Sulphur in the feed |
| 7 | Aluminium
plants:
(i) Anode bake oven
(ii) Pot room
(a) VSS
(b) HSS
(c) PBSW
(d) PBCW |
Total fluoride
-do-
-do-
-do
-do- |
0.3 kg/tonne of aluminium
4.7 kg/tonne of aluminium
6 kg/tonne
of aluminium
2.5 kg/tonne of aluminium
1.0 kg/tonne of aluminium |
| 8 | Glass
industry
(a) Furnace capacity
(i) Up to the product draw capacity of 60
tonne/day
(ii) Product draw capacity more than 60 tonne/day |
Particulate Matter
-do-
|
2 kg/hr
0.8 kg/tonne of product drawn |
Note: VSS = vertical stud soderberg; HSS = horizontal stud soderberg;
PBSW = pre backed side work and PBCW = pre backed centre work
PART-E
Noise Standards
A. Noise limits for automobiles (from at 7.5 metre in
dB(A) at the manufacturing stage)
- Motorcycle, scooters & three wheelers 80
- Passenger cars 82
- Passenger or commercial vehicles upto 4 tonne 85
- Passenger or commercial vehicles above 4 tonne and upto 12 tonne 89
- Passenger or commercial vehicles exceeding 12 tonne 91
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B. Domestic appliances and construction equipments
at the manufacturing stage to be achieved by 31st December, 1993.
- Window air conditioners of
1 -1.5 tonne 68
- Air coolers 60
- Refrigerators 46
- Diesel generator for domestic purposes 85-90
- Compactors (rollers), front loaders, 75
concentrate mixers, cranes (movable), vibrators and saws |
ANNEXURE-I
(For
the purpose of Parts-A, B and C)
The state boards shall fallow the following
guidelines in enforcing the standards specified under Schedule IV.
- The
wastewater and gases are to be treated with the best available technology (BAT)
in order to achieve the prescribed standards.
- The industries need to be encouraged for recycling and reuse of waste materials as
far as practicable in order to minimise the discharge of wastes into the environment.
- The
industries are to be encouraged for recovery of biogas, energy and reusable materials.
- While
permitting the discharge of effluents and emissions into the environment, State
Boards have to taken into account the assimilative capacities of the receiving
bodies, especially water bodies so that quality of the intended use of the receiving
waters is not affected. Where such quality is likely to be affected, discharges
should not be allowed into water bodies.
- The
central and state boards shall put emphasis on the implementation of clean technologies
by the industries in order to increase fuel efficiency and reduce the generation
of environmental pollutants.
- All
efforts should be made to remove colour and unpleasant odour as far as practicable.
- The
standards mentioned in this Schedule shall also apply to all other effluents discharged
such as mining, and mineral processing activities and sewage.
- The
limit given for the total concentration of mercury in the final effluent of caustic
soda industry, is for the combined effluent from (a) cell house; (b) brine plant;
(c) chlorine handling; (d) hydrogen handling; and (e) hydrochloric acid plant.
- All
effluents discharged including from the industries such as cotton textile, composite
woollen mills, synthetic rubber, small pulp & paper, natural rubber, petro?chemicals,
tanneries, paint, dyes, slaughter houses, food & fruit processing and dairy industries
into surface waters shall conform to the BOD limit specified above, namely, 30
mg/l. For discharge of an effluent having a BOD more than 30 mg/l, the standards
shall conform to those given above for other receiving bodies, namely, sewers,
coastal waters and land for irrigation.
- Bio-assay
shall be made compulsory for all the industries, where toxic and non?biodegradable
chemicals are involved.
- In
case of fertilizer industry, the limits in respect of chromium and fluoride shall
be complied with at the outlet of chromium and fluoride removal units respectively.
- In
case of pesticides.
- The
limits should be complied with at the end of the treatment plant before dilution.
- Bio-assay
test should be carried out with the available species of fish in the receiving
water, the COD limits to be specified in the consent conditions should be correlated
with the BOD limits.
- In
case metabolites and isomers of the pesticides in the given list are found in
significant concentrations, standards should be prescribed for these also in the
same concentration as the individual pesticides.
- Industries
are required to analyse pesticides in wastewater by advanced analytical methods
such as GLC/HPLC.
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- The
chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in a treated effluent, if observed
to be persistently greater than 250 mg/l before disposal to any receiving body
(public sewer, land for irrigation, inland surface water and marine coastal areas),
such industrial units are required to identify chemicals causing the same. In
case these are found to be toxic as defined in the Schedule?I of the Hazardous
Rules, 1989, the state boards in such cases shall direct the industries to install
tertiary treatment stipulating time limit.
- Standards
specified in Part A of Schedule?VI for discharge of effluents into the public
sewer shall be applicable only if such sewer leads to a secondary treatment including
biological treatment system otherwise the discharge into sewers shall be treated
as discharge into inland surface waters.
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ANNEXURE-II
(For
the purpose of Parts-D)
- The States Boards shall fallow the following
guidelines enforcing the standards specified under Schedule-VI.
- In case of
cement plants, the total dust (from all sections) shall be within 400 mg/Nm3 and
250 mg/Nm3 for the plants upto 200 tpd and more than 200 tpd capacities respectively.
- In
respect of calcination process (e.g. aluminium plants), kilns and step grate bagasse?fired?boilers,
particulate matter emissions shall be within 250 mg/Nm3.
-
In case of thermal power plants commissioned prior to 1?1?1982 and having generation
capacity less than 62.5 MW, the particulate matter emission shall be within 350
mg/Nm3.
- In case
of Lime Kilns of capacity more than 5 tpd and 40 tpd, the particulate matter emission
shall be within 500 mg/Nm3.
- In
case of horse shoe/pulsating grate and spreader stroker bagasse?fired?boilers,
the particulate matter emission shall be within 500 (12% CO2) and 800 (12% CO2)
mg/Nm3 respectively. In respect of these boilers, if more than one is attached
to a single stack, the emission standard shall be fixed, based on added capacity
of all the boilers connected with the stack.
- In
case of asbestos dust, the same shall not exceed 2 mg/Nm3.
- In
case of the urea plants commissioned after 1.1.1982, coke ovens and lead glass
units, the particulate matter emission shall be within 50 mg/Nm3.
- In
case of small boilers of capacity less than 2 tonne/hr and between 2 to 5 tonnes/hr,
the particulate matter emissions shall be within 1600 and 1200 mg/Nm3.
- In
case of integrated iron & steel plants, particulate matter emission upto 400 mg/Nm3
shall be allowed during oxygen lancing.
- In
case of stone crushing units, the suspended particulate matter contribution value
at a distance of 40 metre from a controlled, isolated as well as from a unit located
in a cluster should be less than 600 micrograms/Nm3.
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These units must also adopt the following pollution control measures:
- dust containment cum
suppression system for the equipment;
- construction
of wind breaking walls;
- construction
of the metalled roads within the premises;
- regular
cleaning and wetting of the ground within the premises;
- growing
of a green belt along the periphery.
- In
case of ceramic industry, from the other sources of pollution, such as basic raw
material and processing operations, heat recovery dryers, mechanical finishing
operation all possible prevention measures should be taken to control particulate
matter emissions as far as practicable.
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- The
total fluoride emissions in respect of glass and phosphatic fertilizers shall
not exceed 5 mg/Nm3 and 25 mg/Nm3 respectively.
- In
case of copper, lead and zinc smelting, the off?gases may as far as possible be
utilized for manufacturing sulphuric acid.
- In
case of cupolas (foundries) having capacity (melting rate) less than 3 tonne hour,
the particulate matter emissions shall be within 450 mg/Nm3. In these cases it
is essential that stack is constructed over the cupolas beyond the charging door
and the emissions are directed through the stack, which should be at least six
times the diameter of cupola. In respect of arc furnaces and induction furnaces.
Provision has to be made collecting the fumes before discharging the emissions
through the stack.
| Source
[GSR 801 (E), EPA, 1986, dated Dec. 31, 1993]
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